Colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable yet deadly cancers. Recent news reminds us of just how real this disease is for people of all ages and backgrounds.
The entertainment industry recently mourned the deaths of beloved actors: James Van Der Beek, who died at age 48 after a battle with colorectal cancer, and Catherine O’Hara, whose death certificate listed rectal cancer alongside a pulmonary embolism as a cause of death.
Colorectal cancer doesn’t only affect older adults; it can claim lives unexpectedly and tragically. Their stories highlight why understanding screening, early detection, prevention, symptom recognition and treatment matter.
Dr. Eddie Copelin, a board-certified gastroenterologist with BSA Health System, shares five things to know about colorectal cancer.
Why is colorectal cancer screening so important?
Colorectal cancer often develops slowly over many years, usually starting as small growths called polyps in the colon or rectum. The key benefit of screening is that we can find and remove these polyps before they turn into cancer, when it is much easier to treat and survival rates are significantly higher. Colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable cancers with proper screening.
At what age should people begin screening, and what tests are available?
Screening typically begins at age 45. However, patients with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease or certain genetic conditions may need to start earlier. Common screening options include:
- Colonoscopy (every 10 years if normal)
- Stool-based tests (such as FIT or stool DNA tests) annually or every 3 years
- CT colonography every 5 years
Colonoscopy is considered the testing gold standard because it allows us to detect and remove polyps in a single procedure.
What lifestyle changes can help prevent colorectal cancer?
Several lifestyle factors can significantly reduce your risk of colorectal cancer. These steps not only reduce risk but also improve overall health.
- Eating a diet high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains
- Limiting red and processed meats
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Exercising regularly
- Avoiding smoking
- Limiting alcohol
What are the common symptoms of colorectal cancer?
Early colorectal cancer may not cause symptoms, which is why screening is so important. When symptoms do occur, they may include:
- Changes in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation)
- Blood in the stool
- Persistent abdominal discomfort
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue due to anemia
Anyone experiencing these symptoms should consult a healthcare provider promptly.
5. What does treatment for colorectal cancer look like?
Early-stage cancer may be treated with surgery alone, but more advanced stages may require a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or targeted therapies.
Thanks to advances in treatment, survival rates have improved significantly, especially when cancer is detected early. That’s why screening truly saves lives.
Eddie Copelin, M.D., is a board-certified gastroenterologist who cares for adults with a full spectrum of digestive and liver conditions, including biliary disease, pancreatitis and hepatitis. To learn more or to schedule an appointment, click here or call 806-358-0200.